CHNX 6130 kHz Halifax, Nova Scotia

In 1926 CHNS started broadcasting a few hours each day. The official first day was May 12. CHNS was Nova Scotia's first radio station. Studios were in the Carleton Hotel and CHNS broadcast on a frequency of 930 kHz, using a 500 watt transmitter. Two years later they moved to the Lord Nelson Hotel. In 1930 CHNS moved to 910 kHz, but back to 930 in 1934.

The Canadian National Railways used the CHNS facilities and staff to run Phantom Station CNRH until they closed down their network in 1931. There was no CRBC or CBC station in Halifax until 1944 and CHNS acted as the CBC outlet until then, producing many network shows, including covering the Moose River Mine disaster of 1936, which made CHNS regular J. Frank Willis, a household name across North America with his five minute hourly broadcasts from the mine site for five straight days until the miners were rescued.  

Maj. Borrett saying good-bye to Arlie [ Arleigh ] Canning, Cecil Landry, Frank Willis and [ Lewis ] 'Tookie' [ Tooky ] Murphy en route to Moose River, 1936. They were to broadcast from the accident site for CHNS radio. (From Nova Scotia Archives)

CHNS broadcaster in the Remote Car No.1 at Moose River, NS, 1936. (From Nova Scotia Archives)

On March 29, 1941, a continent-wide shift of radio frequencies took place. CHNS moved from 930 kHz to 960 kHz.

In 1944 the CBC established its own station - CBH - in Halifax. CHNS continued on as an affiliate because it was this year that the CBC established a second network. CBH was a Trans-Canada station and CHNS was a Dominion station.

In 1962 the Trans-Canada and Dominion networks were consolidated into a single CBC radio service. CHNS had been the Dominion affiliate while the CBC’s CBH was the Trans-Canada station. Following the merger, network service continued on CBH while CHNS became independent.

1955 QSL received by Phil Finkle, California

The following comes from a flyer received from CHNS/CHNX in 1970.

“CHNS Radio and CHNS Shortwave began simultaneous broadcasting in 1931 in Halifax and has remained in Halifax since its inception. We currently operate at 10,000 watts, day and night contour, and at 500 watts on shortwave on the 49 metre band at 6130 kHz.

“CHNS originated in the early 30s, the first round the world shortwave broadcast, when broadcast pioneer J. Frank Willis, carried out the first radio remote broadcast covering the Moose River Disaster. This broadcast was relayed around the world to members of the British Commonwealth and many other foreign nations.

“The primary coverage area of CHNS is within the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada, although the night pattern provides excellent coverage to Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, and Labrador. We receive an average of 25 letters a week from Scandinavian countries, Britain, Australia, New Zealand and the United States, where our shortwave reception is reported.”

Originally the shortwave outlet was identified as VE9HX and put out 200 watts on 6110 kHz. In the early days, besides a QSL, the station also provided EKKO stamps to listeners.

In 1975, Chief Engineer Ralph Parker built new quarters for the CHNX shortwave transmitter. This picture was found on the www.uer.ca

Chief Engineer Mark Olsen said in 2000 that CHNX had not operated at 500 watts for years and recently had been putting out only 40 to 70 watts, based on the exciter output. QSL reports found online indicate they were at 40 or 50 watts since at least the mid-1990s. In early 2000 CHNX was off the air due to a failure in the transmitter, and it was uncertain if they would return it to the air due to costs.

However, in the fall of 2000, the station was heard in England and North America, IDing as “You’re listening to CHNX rebroadcasting the programming of Oldies 96, CHNS, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada on sixty one thirty kilohertz on the 49 meter band. Our transmitting site is located in Rockingham, a suburb of Halifax, and running 24 hours a day. This is CHNX shortwave.” CE Mark Olsen reported that they had returned to the air on October 24th with 40 watts into a G5RV antenna.

However, in September of 2001, CHNX left the air, again due to transmitter problems and a lack of funding from the parent broadcaster, MBS Radio, kept the shortwave outlet silent. CE Mark Olsen also left the station. MBS Radio operated country music station CHFX 101.9 FM and classic rock CHNS 89.9 FM, both in Halifax, as well as a number of other stations.

Meanwhile, Cumber DX attempted to finance the shipment of a donated transmitter to CHNX. Larry Baysinger of Guatemalan stations Radio K’ekchi and Radio Amistad had offered a 500 watt transmitter if someone would pay the shipping. However, with no funding from MBS Radio for the shortwave outlet, the deal couldn’t be completed.

On July 29, 2006, CHNS made the move to FM as "89.9 Hal FM" with a classic rock format, ending 60 years on mediumwave.

CHNS gave a start to some well-known Canadians. Joe Bowen, Sports Director, left in 1982 to become the Toronto Maples Leafs radio play by play announcer.

Mike Duffy was there 1965-69 and then went on to a career with CTV. In 2009 he was appointed a senator by Prime Minister Stephen Harper.

Hank Snow’s professional career started at CHNS Radio in 1933 where he had his own radio show. He changed his name to "Hank, The Yodeling Ranger" because it sounded more western.

References:

Canadian Communications Foundation http://www.broadcasting-history.ca

Nova Scotia Archives http://gov.ns.ca/nsarm/virtual/meninmines/archives.asp?ID=744

Popular Communications magazine, June 1986

E-mail from CE Mark Olsen to Alm-Sweden, Number Uno, July 9, 2000

E-mail to Hard Core DX by Noel Green, October 25, 2000

The Electronic DX Press, November 1, 2000

DXing With Cumbre, Hans Johnson, June 20, 2002

Website http://www.uer.ca/locations/show.asp?locid=27001

The Classic Short Wave Broadcast QSL Home Page, http://k6eid.tripod.com

CJCX 6010 kHz Sydney, Nova Scotia

In 1937 CJCB began broadcasting on shortwave as CJCX on the 49 metre band at 6010 kHz with 1000 watts. CJCB was located in the Radio Building on Charlotte Street in Sydney and the transmitters were on South Bar Road, which was believed to be in an area, north of Sydney, now shown on maps as South Bar. Transmissions ceased in 1973 following a fire at the transmitter site.

CJCB Sydney Station History

(by Bill Dulmage www.broadcasting-history.ca) 

Also from Broadcasting on the Short Waves: 1945 to Today.

1929

Nathaniel Nathanson wanted to sell more records, phonographs and radios at his book and music store in Sydney. He stocked a good selection of radios and sales were good despite limited reception of signals. On a good night you could pick up three or four U.S. stations, but only after dark and only when reception conditions were right. Nate, as his friends called Nathanson, felt radio sales would be much better if Sydney had its own radio station. So Nate bought a ship's radio and had it altered to work on land.

Radio Station CJCB officially went on the air February 14. It was on the air for one or two hours at lunch time and three hours in the evening. Power was only 50 watts. The "CB" in the call sign represented Cape Breton.

CJCB made a frequency change to 890 kHz.

1930

On February 8th, a night clerk of a Sydney hotel was murdered, and CJCB was asked by the police to broadcast a description of the occupant of the hotel room where the murder occurred. On the following day, a man applied for work at a lumber camp at nearby Point Edward. He noticed they had a radio and wondered why it was not in use. He said he knew something about radio and offered to fix it. He got it working and one of the first things they heard was the description of the wanted man. One of the men listening slipped away and called Sydney police who arrived, captured the man who was later convicted and executed.

1934

CJCB built a new transmitter house at South Bar and installed a 1,000 watt transmitter. On December 25th, the station began broadcasting on 1240 kHz.

1936

On September 5, Mrs. Beryl Markham, the first woman to fly the Atlantic from East to West heading for New York was very low on fuel due to strong westerly head winds, came in low over the beach and landed in a bog at Bauline, near Sydney, nose into the ground. CJCB was on the scene and broadcast an interview with her that was carried worldwide.

 1937

CJCB began broadcasting on shortwave on the 49 metre band with 1000 watts via CJCX.

1938

Disaster struck at the Princess Colliery in December of 1938, when a "manrake rope" broke and dozens of miners were dumped in a heap at the bottom of the shaft. Twenty-one men were killed and many injured. Up to the minute news of survivors was heard over CJCB and a couple of evenings later the station launched an appeal for funds to help victims of the disaster and in just a few hours till very late that night, $14,000 was raised, a fortune in those depression days.

Local programs that held listeners' attention were "The Coronation Cruise", "Casino" and "The Cotter's Saturday Night" the latter being heard across Canada.

1941

On March 29, CJCB switched from 1240 to 1270 kHz. Power remained 1,000 watts.

1946

On December 15, CJCB increased daytime power to 5,000 watts. Night power was still 1,000 watts. Corporate name listed as Eastern Broadcasters Ltd., 318 Charlotte St., Transmitter: South Bar Rd., Cape Breton.

1948

The CBC opened its own station in Sydney. CBI became the Trans-Canada station and CJCB switched to the CBC Dominion network.

1950

Don MacIssac joined CJCB's news department.

1954

CJCB Television was launched in October.

1957

Corporate name changed to Cape Breton Broadcasters Ltd. Ownership: J. Marvin Nathanson 49.9%, Norris L. Nathanson 49.9%, Jennie Nathanson 0.2%.

CJCB-FM was opened.

1962

The Trans-Canada and Dominion networks merged into a single CBC radio service. With CBI already serving the area, CJCB was no longer required to provide CBC programming.

1964

CJCB 1270 increased power to 10,000 watts full-time (directional at night) using two towers.

On November 16th a special broadcast was carried over the SW, AM and FM outlets, dedicated to Popular Electronics magazine. A special QSL was offered.

1957

Corporate name changed to Cape Breton Broadcasters Ltd.

N. Nathanson was president of the company and Norris L. Nathanson was CJCB's manager.

CJCB-FM was opened.

1966

Nate Nathanson, the founder of CJCB-AM-FM and TV passed away on February 28. His sons Marven and Norris took control of the company.

1971

On April 29, Cape Breton Broadcasters Ltd. was authorized to change its name to Celtic Investments Ltd.  with no change in ownership. This came with the sale of CJCB-TV to CJCH Limited (CHUM Ltd.).

1975

CJCB received permission to delete the operation of its shortwave transmitter CJCX.

1989

CJCB celebrated 60 years on the air in February. The station had come a long way in all of those years. CJCB was now broadcasting in stereo and operating with a power of 10,000 watts. Stereo-equipped studios, a satellite dish to bring in news and other programming, and computers to improve efficiency were only part of a continuing program to keep CJCB and its 50 staff members up to date.

The Nathanson sons were still involved in the business. Marven was vice-president of operations of the Atlantic Television System, present owners of CJCB-TV, and president of Celtic Investments, owners of CJCB and CKPE-FM. Norris was vice-president of Celtic and general manager of the radio stations.

1990

On September 19, the CRTC approved the transfer of effective control of Celtic Investments Ltd., owner of CJCB and CKPE-FM, to Fundy II Ltd. (Wm. C. Stanley, owner of CFBC & CJYC Saint John), for $5,750,000.

1993

T.C. "Robbie" Robertson dies July 11 at the age of 88. He joined CJCB when it went on the air in 1929, and except for a four-year stint at CJFX Antigonish, remained with CJCB until two years ago. In 1987, he was named Broadcaster of the Year by the AAB.

1997

On March 3, Fundy Cable Ltd. announced plans to sell CJCB to Maritime Broadcasting Service Ltd.

1998

Maritime Broadcasting System Limited purchases CJCB.

In June, CJCB adopted a country format.

Today, the address is CJCB AM 1270, 318 Charlotte St., Sydney, N.S. B1P 1C8.

References:

1947 Broadcasting Yearbook http://jeff560.tripod.com/1947sw.html

CJCB website http://cjcbradio.com

History of Canadian Broadcasting www.broadcasting-history.ca

Broadcasting on the Short Waves: 1945 to Today, Jerome S. Berg, 2008

QSLs:

Undated QSL card of Ted Sloan, Northern Ireland (http://www.antique-corner.com/SWLQSL/)

1958 QSL reprinted in a 1998 edition of Radiomaailma

1971 QSL of Harold Sellers, Ontario

CKZU 6160 kHz Vancouver, British Columbia

By Harold Sellers, August 2008

During our vacation in July 2008 we spent several days in Vancouver. Before departing for the West Coast I had determined to try to locate the transmitter site of the CBC’s shortwave outlet, CKZU, which has operated on 6160 kHz for many years. This would complement a similar successful search I conducted a number of years ago, when CKFX also operated on 6080 kHz from Vancouver.

A Google search found a number of reports of the location and coordinates of the site. These confirmed what I knew from DX reports over the years; that the site was in the City of Richmond. Richmond is built on the Fraser River delta, south of Vancouver. It’s very flat land. It’s also where CKFX had been located until its closure (although the actual sites had been several miles apart).

Google Earth was used next to try to spot the antenna towers from space. Knowing that the site was in the old town of Steveston, which is now part of Richmond, I simply entered Steveston, BC into the search criteria and then scanned the landscape west of the town, beside the ocean.

Quickly I spotted the shadows of the towers (see illustration below). The towers of CBU, 690 kHz, were easy to see and there were also some shorter towers. I suspected these were for CKZU. The coordinates were 49°008’21”N and 123°11’44”W.

On one of the many sunny and warm days of our vacation we drove through Richmond to Steveston Road and headed west. Steveston Road ended at a small parking lot serving an adjacent cycling trail built upon a berm. Climbing the berm, we could see a building and several antenna towers a few hundred meters to the north. Walking to the building, this picture shows what we saw.

The transmitters are housed within the building shown. The antennas are located on the flat floodplain running from the berm to the ocean. Cattle graze on the grasses growing here and there are numerous old logs lying about, signs of past floods, which swept them ashore. To the east of the berm lie the subdivisions of modern-day Richmond. Again, you can see all of this urbanization in the Google Earth image.

CBU uses four tall guyed, metal masts (see picture below of one of the masts behind the transmitter building). Raised wooden walkways carry the feedlines and allow technicians to walk to the towers.

The CKZU antenna is show in the picture below. It is located a short distance from the building and can be easily walked to, if the ground is not flooded.

The antenna is a folded dipole supported by two wooden poles. A passive director is strung between two identical poles. The dipole is obviously a half-wave in length, which for 6160 kHz would be in the neighbourhood of 75 feet.

Folded dipoles have a high impedance, thus the radiator is feed by open-wire twin-lead. This feeder rises from a short pole below the antenna. 75 ohm coaxial cable comes from the transmitter to a balun on this pole.

The radiator and director elements of the antenna are broadside to a northerly direction. Thus the antenna was constructed to radiate the signal up the coast of British Columbia. The passive director element concentrates the signal even more so in this direction.

It was apparent to me, that over the years, the antenna elements have sagged a bit. Some of the guy wires on the wooden poles are very loose. This, plus the passage of time and the soft ground have probably resulted in some leaning of the poles. The sagging antenna may actually help some signal from CKZU radiate off the sides, benefiting we listeners to the east.

Pictures taken and the walkabout completed, my mission was accomplished and we returned to our car.

Keep an ear out for CKZU 6160 kHz (look in Listening In, DXLD, NASWA, and others for logs).

Other Photos:

======================

BOOKS, PERIOICALS AND RECORDINGS on the HISTORY of RADIO and TELEVISION BROADCASTING in CANADA

Compiled by Harold Sellers, dxerharold@gmail.com

A History of Children's Television in English Canada 1952-1986.  F.B. Rainsberry, Scarecrow Press, 1988.

A Nation Unaware. Herschel Hardin. J.J. Douglas, Vancouver, 1974.

A Pictorial History of Radio in Canada. Sandy Stewart. Gage, Toronto, 1975.

A Play on Words and Other Radio Plays. Lister Sinclair. Dent, Toronto, 1948.

A Survey of Canadian Public Opinion Towards Radio and the CBC. Gruneau Research Ltd., Toronto, 1952.

A Survey of Religious Radio Broadcasting in St. John's Newfoundland. Franklin Albert Knutson. Michigan State University, 1969.

A Voice from Afar: The History of Telecommunications in Canada. Robert Collins. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, 1977.

And Now Here's Max. Max Ferguson. McGraw-Hill, Toronto, 1967.

As It Happened. Barbara Frum. McClelland and Stewart, Toronto, 1976.

Bassett. Maggie Siggins. James Lorimer, Toronto, 1979.

Broadcast From the Front: Canadian Radio Overseas in the Second World War. A.E. Pawley. Hakkert, Toronto, 1975. Also found listed as Samuel-Stevens, Toronto, 1975.

Broadcasting in Canada. E.S. Hallman. General Publishing, Toronto, 1977.

Broadcasting in Canada: Aspects of Regulation and Control. Alexander F. Toogood. Canadian Association of Broadcasters, Ottawa, 1969.

Broadcasting Stations in Canada - 1922 to 1960. Compiled by the Canadian Association of Broadcasters, Ottawa, edited by T.J. Allard.

Broadcasting Policy Development. Frank Foster. Frankfost Communications Ltd., Ottawa, 1982.

Broadcasting the Canadian Way. Albert A. Shea. Harvest House, Montreal, 1963.

Canada Gets the News: A Report in the International Research Series of the Institute of Pacific Relations. Carlton McNaught. Ryerson Press, Toronto, 1940.

Canada’s Cultural Industries: Broadcasting, Publishing, Records and Film. Paul Audley. James Lorimer & Co., Toronto, 1983.

Canada's Farm Radio Forum. UNESCO, 1954.

Canadian Broadcasting Act 1936 and By-Laws. CBC, April 1945. With Addendum No.1 Nov. 7, 1947.

Canadian Broadcasting History Resources. John Twomey, CBC, 1978.

Canadian Radio Yearbook : 1946 and Canadian Radio Yearbook: 1947-48. Hugh S. Newton, editor, Toronto, 1946 & 1947.

Canadian Television Policy and the Board of Broadcast Governors, 1958-1968. Dr. Andrew Stewart (BBG Chairman) and William H.N. Hull, Professor of Politics, Brock University. University of Alberta Press, Edmonton, 1994.

CBC, A Brief History and Background. CBC, 1972.

CBC, A Brief History of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. CBC, Ottawa, 1976.

CBC – Journalistic Policy. CBC, 1982 ISBN 0-88794-200-2

CBC Publications: Canadian Literature To-Day Enquiry Into Co-operation

CBC Regulations for Broadcasting Stations and Extracts from the Canadian Broadcasting Act 1936. CBC, revised and published to July 1, 1948. Second copy contains amendment dated Nov. 1, 1948.

CFRB Toronto, Station and Artists. Booklet by CFRB. April 1929.

CFRB 10^th Anniversary Yearbook. February 1937.

CFRB 25^th Anniversary Book. February 1952.

Challenges for International Broadcasting. Report on the 1994 Challenges Conference held in Vancouver. Edited by Elzbieta Olechowska and Howard Aster. Published by Mosaic Press.

CHNS Yearbook 1934. Maritime Broadcasting Comapny, Halifax, 1934.

Chronology of Network Broadcasting in Canada 1901-1961. A.J. Black. CBC, Ottawa, 1961.

CKUA: Radio Worth Fighting For. Marylu Walters. University of Alberta Press, 2002.

CKUA and Forty Wondrous Years of Radio. Joe McCallum. University of Alberta, Edmonton, 1967.

CKUA: A Sound for All Seasons. 60th Anniversary. Alberta Educational Communications Corporation, 1987.

Closed Circuits: The Sellout of Canadian Television. Herschel Hardin. Douglas & McIntyre, Vancouver, 1984.

Communications in the Community. Special Printing Unit of London Free Press, May 1966. 2,000 copies of a limited souvenir edition commemorating CFPL London.

Counting Frogs & Eating Crow: My Life in Radio. Mary Cook, Creative Bound Inc., Carp, Ontario, 2003.

CTV The Network That Means Business. Michael Nolan. The University of Alberta Press, 2001.

CTV - The Television Wars. Susan Gittins. Stoddart Publishing, Toronto, 1999.

Cue The Elephant. Knowlton Nash. McClelland & Stewart Inc., 1996. ISBN O7710-6734-8

Documents of Canadian Broadcasting. Roger Bird. Carleton University Press, Ottawa, 1988.

Early Wireless and Radio in Manitoba, 1909-1924. George F. Reynolds. History and Scientific Society of Manitoba.

Educational Television Across Canada. Earl Rosen and Elizabeth Whelpdale. Metropolitan Educational Television Association, Toronto, 1969.

Edward Samuel Rogers' Collection - A Canadian Heritage: The Distinguished Edward Samuel Rogers' Collection of Electronic Tubes. 1966 booklet by CHFI-FM.

Fade to Black, A Requiem for the CBC. Wayne Skene. Douglas & McIntyre, Toronto, 1993.

Fessenden, Builder of Tomorrows. Helen M. Fessenden. Coward-McCann, New York, 1940.

For the Young Viewer. Ralph Garry. McGraw-Hill, Toronto, 1962.

Foster Hewitt: His Own Story. Foster Hewitt, Ryerson Press, Toronto, 1967.

Foundations. Alan Plaunt and the Early Days of CBC Radio. Michael Nolan. CBC Enterprises, 1986.

From Coast to Coast: A Personal History of Radio in Canada. Sandy Stewart. CBC Enterprises, Toronto, 1985.

From Sea to Sea, Canada's Jubilee Radio Broadcast, July 1^st, 1927. Private printing. Author unknown.

From Spark to Space: The Story of Amateur Radio in Canada. Saskatoon Amateur Radio Club VE5AA, Saskatoon, 1968.

Here’s Looking at Us. Sandy Stewart. CBC Enterprises, Toronto, 1986.

History of Telecommunications 1820-1987. Roger Santerre. CBC Enterprises, Ottawa, 1987.

History on the Run. Knowlton Nash. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto,1984.

Imagine Please, Early Radio Broadcasting in British Columbia. Dennis J. Duffy. Province of British Columbia, 1983.

I'm Telling You. Hector Charlesworth. Macmillan, Toronto.

In the Shadow of the Shield: The Development of Wireless Telegraphy and Radio Broadcasting in Kingston and at Queen's University 1902-1957. Arthur Eric Zimmerman, Ph.D. self-published, 1991.

John Fisher: Mister Canada. Bill McNeil. Fitzhenry & Whiteside, Markham, 1983.

John Fisher Reports: An Anthology of Radio Scripts. John Fisher. Niagara Editorial Bureau, Hamilton, 1949.

Jolts: The TV Wasteland and the Canadian Oasis. Morris Wolfe. James Lorimer & Co., Toronto, 1985.

La Radio et Ses Inventeurs. Jean Neopal Paquet. Editions Naaman, Sherbrooke, P.Q. 1980 ISBN 2-89040-168-5.

Listening In: The First Decade of Broadcasting in Canada, 1922-1932. Mary Vipond. McGill Queen's Press, 1992.

Live to Air: the Craig Broadcast Story. Chris Wood. Douglas & McIntyre, 2000.

Living the Part: John Drainie and the Dilemma of Canadian Stardom. Bronwyn Drainie. Macmillan of Canada, Toronto, 1988.

Mart Kenney and His Western Gentlemen (Canada’s most famous dance band and most frequently heard dance orchestra on Canadian radio). Mart Kenney. Copyright 1981 by Mart Kenny.  Published by Western Producer Prairie Books, Saskatoon, Sask.  ISBN # 0-88833-072-3

Memoirs of a Bird in a Gilded Cage. Judy LaMarsh. McLelland & Stewart, Toronto, 1968.

Missed Opportunities: The Story of Canada’s Broadcast Policy. Marc Raboy. McGill-Queen’s University Press, Montreal, 1990.

Mister Broadcasting: The Ernie Bushnell Story. Peter Stursberg. Peter Martin, Toronto, 1971.

Nothing On but the Radio: A Look Back at Radio in Canada and How it Changed the World. Gil Murray. Dundurn Press, Toronto, 2003.

 Old Country Mail: A Selection from the CBC Broadcasts. R.S. Lambert. CBC, 1941. Other similar publications: The Canadian Constitution, These United States, This Canada, Home Front, Just Mary

On Air: Radio in Saskatchewan. Wayne Schwartz/Schmaltz. Coteau Books, Regina, 1990.

Out of Thin Air: The Story of CFCY. Betty Rogers Large and Tom Crothers. Applecross Press, Charlottetown, 1989.

Peter Gzowski: An Electric Life. Marco Adria. ECW Press,Toronto, 1994.

Peter Gzowski's Book About This Country in the Morning. Peter Gzowski. Hurtig, Edmonton, 1974.

Politics and the Media in Canada. Arthur Siegal. McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., Toronto, 1983.

Prime Time at Ten. Knowlton Nash. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 1987.

Prime Time Canada. Paul Rutherford. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1990.

Radio Canada International. Arthur Siegel. Mosaic Press, 1996.

Radio Communication in Canada: An Historical and Technology Survey. Sharon B. Babian. National Museum of Science & Technology, Ottawa, 1992.

Radio in the 80's: The Second Symposium. Jean Bruce. CBC, 1977

Radio - The Remote Years. Dick Halhed. self-published, 1981.

Radio Wizard: Edward Samuel Rogers and the Revolution of Communications. Ian A. Anthony. Gage Publishing Company for Rogers Telecommunications Ltd., Toronto, 2000.

Radios of Canada. Lloyd Swackhammer. Self-published, Ontario, Canada, 2002.

Radio's First Voice: The Story of Reginald Fessenden. Ormand Raby. MacMillan, Toronto, 1970.

Radio's First Voice: The Story of Reginald Fessenden. Ormand Raby. Second edition, reprinted by Canadian Communications Foundation, Toronto, 2001.

Rewind and Search : Conversations with Makers and Decision Makers at

the CBC. M.J. Miller, McGill Queens, Montreal, 1996.

School Broadcasting in Canada. Richard Stanton Lambert. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1963.

70 Years of Radio Tubes and Valves. 1982.

Shortwave Radio in Canada: Consumer User Study. Robert S. Ing, The Databank. February 1991.

Sinc, Betty and the Morning Man: The Story of CFRB. Donald Jack. Macmillan, Toronto, 1977.

Smoke & Mirrors: The Inside Story of Television News in Canada. Peter Trueman. McClelland & Stewart, 1980.

Something New in the Air: The Story of First Peoples Television Broadcasting. Lorna Roth

McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2005.

Split Screen, Home Entertainment and New Technologies. Friends of Canadian Broadcasting, Toronto, 1992.

Straight Up: Private Broadcasting in Canada 1918-1958. T.J. Allard. Canadian Communications Foundation, Ottawa, 1979.

Ted Rogers. Bruce McDougall. Burgher Books, Toronto, 1995.

Television in the Lives of Our Children. Wilbur Schramm, Jack Lyle, Edwin B. Parker. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1961.

The Age of International Radio: Radio Canada International (1945-2007). Elżbieta M. Olechowska, Mosaic Press, 2007.

The Birth of Broadcasting. Asa Briggs. Oxford University Press, Toronto, 1961.

The Birth of Radio in Canada: Signing On. Bill McNeill and Morris Wolfe. Doubleday Canada, Toronto, 1982.

The CAB Story 1926-1976. Issued on the 50^th anniversary of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters. Compiled by T.J. Allard.

The Canadian Radio Year Book, 1946, including Who’s Who in Canadian Radio. Canadian Radio Year Book, 1946.

The CanWest Global Story – The first twenty years. Allan Levine. CanWest Communications Corp. 1997.

The cosmic inventor: Reginald Aubrey Fessenden (1866-1932). Frederick Seitz. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1999.

The Early Development of Radio in Canada, 1901-1930. Robert P. Murray, Editor. Sonoran Publishing, Arizona, USA. 2005.

The First Decade of Canadian Broadcasting, 1922-1932. Mary Vipond. McGill-Queen’s University Press, Montreal, 1992.

The Invisible War: The Untold Secret Story of Number One Canadian Special Wireless Group, Royal Canadian Signal Corps 1944-1946. Gil Murray. The Dundurn Group, Toronto, 2001.

The Making of the Canadian Media. Paul Rutherford. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, 1978.

The Mass Media in Canada. John Irving. Ryerson Press, Toronto, 1962.

The Microphone Wars. Knowlton Nash. McClelland Stewart Inc., 1994. ISBN O-7710-6712-7

The Morningside Papers. Peter Gzowski. McClelland and Stewart, Toronto, 1985. Signed copy.

The New Morningside Papers. Peter Gzowski. McClelland and Stewart, Toronto, 1987.

The Politics of Canadian Broadcasting 1920-51. Frank W. Peers. Univerity of Toronto Press, 1969.

The Private Voice, A Journal of Reflections. Peter Gzowski. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 1988.

The Public Eye: Television and the Politics of Canadian Broadcasting 1952-1968. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1979.

The Saga of The Vacuum Tube. 1977.

The Social Functions of Radio in a Community Emergency. Benjamin Singer and Lyndsay Green. Copp Clark, Toronto, 1977.

The Sound and The Fury: An Anecdotal History of Canadian Broadcasting. Warner Troyer. John Wiley & Sons, Toronto, 1980.

The Struggle for National Broadcasting in Canada. E. Austin Weir. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 1965.

The Swashbucklers. Knowlton Nash. McClelland & Stewart Inc., 2001. ISBN O-77106774-7

The Tangled Net: Basic Issues in Canadian Communications. Patricia Hindley, Gail M. Martin and Jean McNulty. J.J. Douglas, Vancouver, 1977.

The Troubled Air. Don Jamison. Brunswick Press, Fredericton, 1966.

The Unmuzzled Max. Max Ferguson. McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Toronto, 1971.

The Voice of Newfoundland: A Social History of the Broadcasting Corporation of Newfoundland, 1939-1949. Jeff A. Webb. University of Toronto Press, 2008.

Times to Remember. Knowlton Nash. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 1986.

Turn Up the Contrast: CBC television drama since 1952.  M.J. Miller, UBC-CBC co-published, Vancouver, 1987.

Un/covering the North: News, Media and Aboriginal People. Valerie Alia, UBC Press, 1999.

Visionary Thinking: The Story of Canada’s Electrohome. Raymond Stanton. Canadian Corporate Histories, Kitchener (519)893-3505. ISBN 0-9681575-0-05

Walter J. Blackburn – A Man for All Media. Michael Nolan. MacMillan. ISBN O-7715-9200-0

We Have With Us Tonight. Edward A. Corbett. Ryerson Press, Toronto, 1957.

We Interrupt this Program: The News Broadcasts that Kept Us Tuned In. Raj Ahluwalia, Winding Stair Press, 2002.

Webster: An Autobiography. Jack Webster. D.W.Friesen & Sons Ltd. ISBN O-88894-706-2

Whisper in the Air: Marconi - The Canada Years, 1902-1946. Mary K. MacLeod. Lancelot Press, Nova Scotia. 1992.

Government of Canada Publications

Evolution of the Canadian Broadcasting System: Objectives and Realities, 1928-1968. David Ellis. Department of Communications, 1979.

Instant World: A Report on Telecommunications in Canada. A.E. Gotlieb. Information Canada, 1971.

Let's Do It!, A Vision of Canadian Broadcasting, proposed by the CBC to the Federal Task Force on Broadcasting Policy. CBC, 1985.

Official List of Radio Stations of Canada. Department of Marine and Fisheries, Ottawa, Aug. 1, 1922. same. July 31, 1923. same. Department of the Naval Service, Ottawa, Aug.1, 1927 same. Jan. 1, 1932.

Parliamentary Broadcasting Committee Reports, 1932-1961.

Proposals for a Communications Policy for Canada. Hon. Gerard Pelletier. Minister of Communications, 1973.

Report of the Committee on Broadcasting. Fowler Commission. Chairman: Robert M. Fowler. 1965.

Report of the Royal Commission on Broadcasting. The Aird Report. King's Printer, 1929.

Report of the Royal Commission on Broadcasting, March 15, 1957. Chairman: Robert M. Fowler, 1957.

Report of the Special Senate Committee on Mass Media. Davey Report. Queen's Printer, 1970.

Report of the Task Force on Broadcasting Policy. Caplan & Sauvageau. Supply & Services, 1986.

Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters and Sciences, 1949-51. Broadcasting in Canada: Radio and Television. Chairman: Vincent Massey. King's Printer, 1951.

Special Committee on Radio Broadcasting. Minutes of Proceedings and Evidence. House of Commons. King's Printer, 1932.

Task Force on Labour Relations. Broadcasting, an Industry Study. Ruby S. Samlalsingh. Queen's Printer, 1968.

The Constraints on a Restructuring of the Canadian Broadcasting System to Meet National Cultural Objectives. Hugh H. Edmunds. A report to the Department of the Secretary of State, Ottawa, 1977 - 2 volumes.

White Paper on Broadcasting. 1966.

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RECORDINGS

CFCF, 4-record album of fifty hit tunes from 1919-1969. Produced by Jim Kidd. Sold for $6.00 in 1969.

Monumentous Years: The Story of CFRB 1927-1957 (record album)

CFTR: Sounds Familiar (record album). 1971.

Radio Worth Fighting For. A one-hour documentary about the unforgettable crusade to save CKUA,Canada’s oldest non-profit broadcaster and a pioneer on our radio scene. Lorna Thomas Productions Inc, 2004. Video clip at http://www.lornathomasproductions.com/video_ckua_film.htm

Radio Revolution: The Rise and Fall of “The Big 8”. 72-minute documentary telling the story of 'The Big 8' – CKLW, AM-800, Windsor, Ontario. Written and directed by Michael McNamara, aired on the History Channel in 2004. VHS videotape or DVD.

Dominion of the Air: A History of Canadian Radio. Aired by CBC Television in September 2002 to mark off the 50^th anniversary of CBC-TV. 120 minutes, VHS videotape.

PERIODICALS

Broadcasting and Communications. <1967>

Canadian Broadcaster. 1948

Canadian Electronics Workshop. 1960

Canadian Wireless. <1922>

electron. April 1964 to 70

Radio. <1922-1925>

Radio and Electrical Home Equipment. 1932

Radio News of Canada.  <Dec 1924-1926>

Radio Review. <1926>

Radio Trade Builder. 1927-9